I was watching The Daily Show, and last night’s guest was Bill Maher, plugging his new movie, Religulous. Now, from the clip I think I might find the movie itself interesting and funny, as it is meant to be. But I found the conversation between him and Jon Stewart about religion, i.e. myth, very telling. You can find the clip here on Comedy Central’s website: http://www.thedailyshow.com/video/index.jhtml?videoId=186755&title=bill-maher-pt.-1.
Ok, using the adjective telling is me being nice. Honestly, I’m pretty pissed about this same prejudice that I run up against over and over when dealing with the study of myth. Most people today who are not overtly religious, as Bill Maher mentions, think the ‘myth’ of religion, the story part, was all invented by primitive people who were just not as advanced as we are today and didn’t understand a thing about how the world works and invented these stories to make the world feel a little safer.
Yes, those primitive people. Those Mayans who charted the heavens so precisely their calendars are still correct today (bring it, 2012, I’ve got your number). The Egyptians who built the pyramids, the tribesmen who built Stonehenge. Pythagorus. Socrates and Plato and all those classical Greek thinkers whose theorems and philosophy we rely on as the structure of our society today. Clearly I could go on. Knowing the scientific method does not make us smarter than ancient peoples. It just gives us another tool to use to explore the world.
I think the disconnect happens because there are many people today who believe in the stories of their religions as literal. (And this is the part of Maher’s interview that I agree with.) Ancient peoples did not literally believe that the sun was swallowed by the earth-goddess Nut every night, or that it was dragged through the heavens every day by horses as a chariot, or that it was eaten by a dragon at sunset. Or perhaps the more correct way to say it is that the ancient’s worldview as wide enough to accept the representational myth as no more or less true than the fact that the Earth circles the sun every day. In other worlds, the ancient people accepted a multi-level reality. The purpose of the story, then, was not to explain how the world works. They knew how the world worked; the Earth revolved around the sun (thanks Copernicus! Seriously, people, that’s what happens when you kill all the sages who don’t believe in your story). Myths explain how people work. What makes us tick. Trace the stories of the gods and you find a snapshot of cultures throughout history, how they lived their lives and got along with each other (or how they failed spectacularly to do so).
We pretend like we don’t have myths now; like Hannah Montana isn’t teaching little girls how to act in our culture, or that movies (and the books they are based on) like Nights in Rodanthe aren’t working to modify the cultural paradigm of the passion of love being for the young and comfort being the most one can expect from love as we age.
But back to Maher. He claims myths are ridiculous. He gives an elaborate demonstration of how, when you try to explain the story of the myth in a rational way to an audience, it completely falls apart. And it’s true. Logically, myths do not have plots to string them along (which makes perfect sense if you realize that plot is an invention that began with the novel in the early 20th century). Literally myths make no sense. But myths are metaphors. They are meant to be interpreted widely, to be relevant and of use to future generations, passing along the archetypes buried within them to be re-invented by the individual or the current age, as necessary. But the key is in the interpretation. The stories of religion were never meant to stand on their own. They were not entertainment. While some might be entertaining, they have a larger goal. They test social structure. They teach right behavior (and ‘right’ in this context means whatever society expects correct behavior to be). They can act as signposts to a deeper understanding of one’s own self, or to a deeper understanding of others. So of course they are ridiculous. Look at codpieces, for God’s sake. Or Marie Antoinette-style wigs. Society is rarely rational.
What gets me worked up is in America myths are being judged by a very narrow, 21st century mindview. And that mindview, as Maher hinted at, wants to throw myths, i.e., religion, out with the bathwater. And while I agree that the institutions of some great religions (notably Western ones, let us remember) are harmful to people and sow discord, the archetypes in the stories of the religions are still there. The story is faithful to the original intent. I mean, honestly. Tibetan buddhists believe in any number of incarnations of the Buddha and in boddihisatvas and that their religious leaders are incarnated gods. And yet the Dalai Lama hops on a plane once a week and checks his e-mail regularly. All those computer programmers in India who happen to be Hindu can see the world as it is and live in it and code all day long and still have room in their wider view of the universe for Ganesha to help them advance in the workplace.
Faith isn’t blindness. Blindness is blindness. Faith is opening up your world to expanding possibility and investing belief in the statement that there is more than one truth in the world.